A line of shortest distance between two points on a sphere.

There are 2 types of leading edge devices:

-Slats. Slats are movable surfaces on the leading edge of the wing which when deployed, allow the wing to operate at a higher angle of attack, by delaying separation in the wing upper surface.

-Leading edge flaps (Krueger). Leading edge flaps are hinged on the leading edge of the wing and extend forward and down when deployed. they provide similar benefits as trailing edge flaps, by increasing wing surface area and camber.

By using the formula: Range (nm) = 1.23(√H1 + √H2)

H1=height of transmitter (feet)

H2=height of receiver (feet)

OM = DOM + crew and fuel

The maximum brake energy speed.

It is a function of the gross weight, altitude, temperature, runway slope, wind component, and braking configuration.

V1 must be less than VMBE.

At the tip

First continue on the SID and try all available resources to check if you have a complete radio failure.

If so, squawk 7600 and return towards the airport.

Minimum decent altitude (non-precision), the lowest altitude, expressed in feet above mean sea level to which descent is authorised on final approach or during circle-to-land maneuvering in execution of a standard instrument approach procedure where no electronic glideslope is provided.

If not visual between MDA and MAPt, a Go-around must be initiated.

Wing loading is the loaded weight of the aircraft divided by the area of the wing.

The faster an aircraft flies, the more lift is produced by each unit area of the wing. Correspondingly, the landing and take-off speeds will be higher and the high wing loading also decreases maneuverability.

For every 1kg of air passing through the combustion chamber, 11kg of air pass bypass the combustion chamber.